• br Acknowledgements This work was supported in part

  2024-09-10

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported, in part, by NIH grant R01-GM071760. Introduction The MADS box genes encode a eukaryotic family of transcriptional regulators involved in diverse and important biological functions. This class of proteins has been identified in yeasts, plants, insects,

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank

  2024-09-10

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmaceuticals, Nanjing, China, for providing a rabbit anti-VEGF neutralizing monoclonal antibody. We thank Dr. Schlisio in the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, for assistance with hypoxia assay. Y.C.’s laboratory is sup

• A has been reported to decrease insulin

  2024-09-10

  

  Aβ has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and impair insulin signaling in neurons, preventing phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), downstream of insulin signaling, and to increase phosphorylation of tau protein causing neurofibrillary tangles (Tokutake et al., 20

• Additionally regulation of GPCR heteromerization by specific

  2024-09-09

  

  Additionally, regulation of GPCR heteromerization by specific ligands may depend not only on the affinity of ligands for receptors, but also on presence of different interacting proteins co-localizing with the receptors in the specific cell, which may induce some conformational changes and contribut

• br LOX in esophageal cancer Various studies suggest that

  2024-09-09

  

  5-LOX in esophageal cancer Various studies suggest that abnormal levels of AA metabolites play an essential role in human esophageal adenocarcinogenesis (EAC). The key AA derivatives of 5-LOX signaling molecules namely include, 5-HETE, LTB4, and cysteinyl LTs, which are well-known to initiate inf

• The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis

  2024-09-09

  

  The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is not entirely clear or established, however additional studies that treat fish embryos to DHT or to specific srd5a inhibitors at critical stages of development (i.e. prior to sex differentiation) will shed light on the early functions of this androgen

• After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that

  2024-09-09

  

  After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that are not targeted by autophagy of the complete Salmonella-containing phagosome (see above) but are living freely in the cytosol can be eliminated by xenophagy, that is direct targeting of the ‘naked’ bacteria to the autophagic pathway. The type III

• Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key enzymes that catalyz

  2024-09-09

  

  Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic phalloidin (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and other cells (Claesson, 2

• We further evaluated the possibility whether letrozole media

  2024-09-09

  

  We further evaluated the possibility whether letrozole mediates its effect through diverting the pathway towards 5α-DHT and further to 3α-Diol. For this purpose, we measured the concentrations of 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol in mice hippocampus and found that letrozole elevated both 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol levels

• Secondly leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA exp

  2024-09-09

  

  Secondly, leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA expression, aromatase content and its enzymatic activity in epithelial breast cancer p m x by inducing promoters II and I.3 via an enhanced binding of transcription activator protein 1 (AP-1) complex to specific DNA sites in the promoter reg

• There are essentially two screening strategies to minimize t

  2024-09-09

  

  There are essentially two screening strategies to minimize the number of newborns recalled for additional testing without missing cases for most screening disorders. For hyperargininemia, one strategy uses Arg alone as the indicator of possible disease and the other uses Arg in combination with a ra

• br Conclusions In summary aromatase mRNA

  2024-09-09

  

  Conclusions In summary, aromatase mRNA expression in the GW 6471 of A. leptorhynchus shows a similar distribution pattern as seen in other teleosts with expression detected in the forebrain and the pituitary gland. The lack of aromatase mRNA expression in the midbrain and hindbrain of A. leptorh

• Difopein AT signaling is distinct to that of AT Kaschina and

  2024-09-09

  

  AT2 signaling is distinct to that of AT1 (Kaschina and Unger, 2003). As shown here, opposite to the stimulating effect of AT1 signaling, it inhibits apelin secretion. Activation of AT2 receptor, which is also G-protein coupled, is known to decrease cAMP and cGMP levels by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase

• Atherosclerosis is a chronic lipid metabolism disorder

  2024-09-09

  

  Atherosclerosis is a chronic lipid metabolism disorder linked with lipid accumulation within the arterial wall and subsequent formation of foam cells and vascular disease [96], [97]. The level of apelin is decreased in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries [4], and coronary collateral formation in

• A next series of experiments explored whether cardiac

  2024-09-09

  

  A next series of experiments explored whether cardiac Ampkα1 Adenosine 5-monophosphate is modified in response to pressure overload imposed by TAC. As a result, 2weeks of TAC treatment significantly increased Ampkα1 protein abundance in cardiac tissue from Ampkα1+/+ mice as compared to sham treated

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