• Whereas allostery in the cell is relatively understudied sig

  2024-05-10

  

  Whereas allostery in the β cell is relatively understudied, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology and mechanistic biology of how AMPK and its upstream kinases govern β cell function. LKB1 phosphorylates AMPKα at Thr172 [21], and loss of LKB1 in β cells abolishes phosphor

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2024-05-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer death. Therapeutic interventions include mainly: radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy (RT), with or without androgen deprivation therap

• It has been largely demonstrated

  2024-05-10

  

  It has been largely demonstrated that several clinico-pathological factors influence ovarian cancer patients' prognosis, including residual tumor at primary cytoreductive surgery, FIGO stage, tumor grading, cancer histology and performance status [3,4]. Nevertheless, the recent awareness achieved in

• With one exception all receptors

  2024-05-09

  

  With one exception, all receptors for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and norepinephrine are metabotropic receptors. The five metabotropic DA receptors (D1–D5) in the CNS are involved in motivation, pleasure, cognition, learning, memory, fine motor control, and modulate neuroen

• In particular we focused our attention on beta adrenergic

  2024-05-09

  

  In particular, we focused our attention on beta2 adrenergic receptors, since their commercial inhibitors are effective in lowering IOP, the primary indication of glaucoma. The hypotensive action of a commercial sequence of beta2 adrenergic receptor siRNA was tested in rabbits. The results confirmed

• AMPK modulates changes in lipid

  2024-05-09

  

  AMPK modulates changes in lipid metabolism via the regulation of fatty CPI-203 oxidation and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. The key enzymes involved include ACC and HMGCR [27,28]. Both participate in the rate-limiting steps of fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis and are inactivated on phospho

• The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is

  2024-05-09

  

  The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is not entirely clear or established, however additional studies that treat fish embryos to DHT or to specific srd5a inhibitors at critical stages of development (i.e. prior to sex differentiation) will shed light on the early functions of this androgen

• br Conclusion The HT receptor family

  2024-05-09

  

  Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless opioid receptor antagonist (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function);

• In addition to the above mentioned synaptic

  2024-05-09

  

  In addition to the above-mentioned synaptic mechanisms, the serotonergic system also has a critical role in the antidepressant effects of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists. Indeed, we previously reported that mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists increased the firing rate of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe

• It has been reported that

  2024-05-09

  

  It has been reported that 5-HT2R involves in type 2 diabetes mellitus and 5-HT-induced IR [22,23]. The present study also demonstrated that it is 5-HT2R rather than other 5-HT receptors, including 5-HT1BR and 5-HT7R, in the liver that mediates HFD-induced abnormality of hepatic lipid metabolism, and

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found

  2024-05-09

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary kanamycin sulfate (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current cl

• br Results br Discussion Although they do not have protein

  2024-05-09

  

  Results Discussion Although they do not have protein-coding capacity, lncRNAs make up a large part of the transcripts of the genome, and they play fundamental roles in carcinogenesis and osteosarcoma progression through regulation of tumor proliferation and metastasis. These lncRNAs include MA

• Drug resistance development often involves structurally

  2024-05-09

  

  Drug resistance development often involves structurally un-related drugs and, specifically both conventional and targeted agents. IGROV-1/Pt1 Blebbistatin are characterized by resistance to cisplatin and reduced sensitivity to inhibitors of EGF-R and MEK, the up-stream activator of ERK1/2, associat

• Previously using a P lacZ reporter

  2024-05-09

  

  Previously, using a P-lacZ reporter gene system, it has been shown that the β-galactosidase activity was 9-fold higher in the stationary phase cpi 1 when compared with those of the exponential phase [15]. Furthermore, inositol supplementation did not have a major effect on the expression of β-galact

• Telomerase action at the telomere is highly regulated

  2024-05-09

  

  Telomerase action at the telomere is highly regulated; it preferentially elongates the shortest telomeres, and recruitment of the enzyme complex to the telomere occurs in mid-S phase of the cell cycle (Bianchi and Shore, 2007, Britt-Compton et al., 2009, Teixeira et al., 2004, Hemann et al., 2001, T

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